Insimbi yepayipi iwuhlobo lwensimbi olusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izinhlelo zokuthutha uwoyela negesi.Njengethuluzi lokuthutha elikude likawoyela negesi yemvelo, uhlelo lwamapayipi lunezinzuzo zomnotho, ukuphepha nokungaphazanyiswa.
Isicelo sensimbi yepayipi
Insimbi yamapayipiamafomu omkhiqizo ahlanganisa amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo kanye namapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe, angahlukaniswa abe izigaba ezintathu: izindawo eziphakeme ze-alpine, ezinesulfure ephezulu kanye nokubeka ngaphansi kolwandle. Lawa mapayipi anendawo yokusebenza enokhahlo anemigqa emide futhi akulula ukuwanakekela, futhi anezidingo eziqinile zekhwalithi. .
Izinselele eziningi ezibhekene nensimbi yamapayipi zihlanganisa: izindawo eziningi zikawoyela negesi zitholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo, amaqhwa, izingwadule, nezilwandle, futhi izimo zemvelo zinzima uma kuqhathaniswa;noma ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwezokuthutha, ububanzi bepayipi bukhuliswa njalo, futhi ingcindezi yokulethwa ikhuphuka njalo.
I-Pipeline Steel Properties
Kusukela ekuhlolweni okuphelele kokuthuthuka komzila wamapayipi kawoyela negesi, izimo zokubeka amapayipi, izindlela zokwehluleka okukhulu nezimbangela zokwehluleka, insimbi yamapayipi kufanele ibe nemishini emihle (udonga oluwugqinsi, amandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqokwa), futhi kufanele ububanzi obukhulu, Kufanele futhi ibe nobubanzi obukhulu, ukushisela, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa elibandayo nokuphansi, ukumelana nokugqwala (CO2), ukumelana namanzi olwandle kanye ne-HIC, ukusebenza kwe-SSCC, njll.
①Amandla aphezulu
Insimbi yamapayipi ayidingi nje kuphela amandla amakhulu okudonsa amandla namandla okukhiqiza, kodwa futhi idinga isilinganiso sesivuno sibe kububanzi obungu-0.85~0.93.
② Ukuqina komthelela ophezulu
ukuqina komthelela omkhulu kungahlangabezana nezidingo zokuvimbela ukuqhekeka.
③Izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-ductile-brittle transition
Izifunda eziqinile nezimo zezulu zidinga insimbi yamapayipi ukuze ibe nezinga lokushisa eliphansi ngokwanele le-ductile-brittle transition.Indawo yokugunda ye-DWTT (i-Drop Weight Tear Test) isiphenduke inkomba eyinhloko yokulawula ukuvimbela ukwehluleka ukuphuka kwamapayipi. Ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kudinga lokho indawo yokugunda egundayo yesifanekiso ibe ngu-≥85% ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu lokusebenza.
④Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuqhekeka kwe-hydrogen-induced (HIC) kanye ne-sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSCC)
⑤ Ukusebenza okuhle kwe-welding
Ukushisela okuhle kwensimbi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho kanye nekhwalithi yokushisela yepayipi.
I-Pipeline Steel Standards
Njengamanje, izindinganiso eziyinhloko zezobuchwepheshe zamapayipi ensimbi okuhambisa uwoyela negesi asetshenziswa ezweni lami ahlanganisaI-API 5L, DNV-OS-F101, ISO 3183, kanye ne-GB/T 9711, njll. Isimo esijwayelekile simi kanje:
① I-API 5L (incazelo yepayipi lomugqa) iwuphawu olwamukelwa kabanzi olwakhiwe i-Maine Petroleum Institute.
② I-DNV-OS-F101 (uhlelo lwamapayipi ahamba ngaphansi kolwandle) luyisimiso esiklanywe ngokukhethekile yi-Det Norske Veritas samapayipi ahamba ngaphansi kolwandle.
③ I-ISO 3183 iyindinganiso eyakhiwe yi-International Organisation for Standardization ezimweni zokulethwa kwamapayipi ensimbi okuhambisa uwoyela negesi.Leli zinga alibandakanyi ukuklanywa nokufakwa kwamapayipi.
④ Inguqulo yakamuva ye-GB/T 9711 inguqulo yango-2017. Le nguqulo isekelwe ku-ISO 3183:2012 ne-API Spec 5L 45th Edition.ngokusekelwe kukho kokubili. Ngokuhambisana namazinga amabili okubalulwe, amazinga amabili wokucaciswa komkhiqizo acacisiwe: PSL1 kanye ne-PSL2.PSL1 ihlinzeka ngezinga elijwayelekile lekhwalithi yepayipi lolayini;I-PSL2 yengeza izidingo eziyisibopho ezihlanganisa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, ukuqina kwenotshi, izakhiwo zamandla kanye nokuhlola okungeziwe okungabhubhisi (NDT).
I-API SPEC 5L ne-ISO 3183 yizicaciso zamapayipi kalayini anomthelela emhlabeni jikelele.Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinkampani zikawoyela eziningi emhlabeni zijwayele ukwamukelaUkucaciswa kwe-API SPEC 5L njengokucaciswa okuyisisekelo kokuthengwa kwepayipi lensimbi yepayipi.
Oda ulwazi
Inkontileka ye-oda yensimbi yamapayipi kufanele ifake ulwazi olulandelayo:
① Ubuningi (isamba esiphelele noma inani eliphelele lamapayipi ensimbi);
② Izinga elivamile (PSL1 noma PSL2);
③Ipayipi lensimbiuhlobo (okungenamthungo nomaipayipi elishiselwe, inqubo ye-welding ethize, uhlobo lokuphela kwepayipi);
④Ngokusekelwe kumazinga, afana ne-GB/T 9711-2017;
⑤ steel grade;
⑥Ububanzi bangaphandle nokuqina kodonga;
⑦ Ubude nohlobo lobude (okungasikiwe noma okusikiwe);
⑧ Thola isidingo sokusebenzisa isithasiselo.
Izigaba zamapayipi ensimbi namabanga ensimbi (GB/T 9711-2017)
| Ileveli yensimbi evamile | ipayipi lensimbi ibanga | izinga lensimbi |
| I-PSL1 | L175 | A25 |
| I-L175P | I-A25P | |
| L210 | A | |
| L245 | B | |
| L290 | X42 | |
| L320 | X46 | |
| L360 | X52 | |
| L390 | X56 | |
| L415 | X60 | |
| L450 | X65 | |
| L485 | X70 | |
| I-PSL2 | L245R | BR |
| L290R | I-X42R | |
| L245N | BN | |
| L290N | X42N | |
| I-L320N | X46N | |
| I-L360N | X52N | |
| I-L390N | X56N | |
| I-L415N | I-X60N | |
| I-L245Q | I-BQ | |
| I-L290Q | I-X42Q | |
| I-L320Q | I-X46Q | |
| I-L360Q | I-X52Q | |
| I-L390Q | I-X56Q | |
| I-L415Q | I-X60Q | |
| I-L450Q | I-X65Q | |
| I-L485Q | I-X70Q | |
| I-L555Q | I-X80Q | |
| I-L625Q | I-X90Q | |
| I-L690Q | X100M | |
| L245M | BM | |
| L290M | X42M | |
| I-L320M | X46M | |
| I-L360M | X52M | |
| I-L390M | X56M | |
| I-L415M | X60M | |
| I-L450M | X65M | |
| L485M | X70M | |
| I-L555M | X80M | |
| L625M | X90M | |
| I-L690M | X100M | |
| I-L830M | X120M |
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-30-2023